How do trees and leaves grow?



How do trees grow?                                                     
                       Trees need nourishment to grow. They get water and minerals from the soil and dioxide from the air. Chlorophyll in their leaves utilizes the energy from the sun shines to make sugar, starch and cellulose. Between the wood of the tree and it is bark there is a thin band of living cells called cambium. New cells are formed here; those that develop on the cambium tree side grow like wood, and those on the bark side mature as bark. In this way, it increases in diameter as the tree grows older. At the branch or twig end, there is a group of living cells. During periods of active growth, these cells are propagated to form new leaves and stem length. A cross section of a tree shows changing bands of light and dark wood. The lighter bands have larger cells and were formed in the spring; The dark bands consist of small, tightly packed cells made in the fall.
Fact file: Trees are the largest living organisms on Earth. The Biggest Tree, the Californian giant redwood, is nearly 100m tall and has a trunk that is 11m thick. The total weight of one of these trees is over 2000 tons. These ancient trees have very few branches and leaves and are often the fire of fire and lightning.

How do leaves grow?
                          Green plants and trees have to produce their own food. The leaves are the food factories for plants and trees. Leaves of fruit trees produce food that helps them make fruit. Eg. peaches are sweet, So peach leaves make sugar. In a process called photosynthesis, leaves produce sugar from the water and carbon dioxide. The leaves are capable of performing these processes because of the chloroplast containing chlorophyll within their cells.
The roots of a plant or tree take water from the soil, which eventually reaches the veins of the leaves. These veins carry back food that the leaves have made. Carbon dioxide enters the cells of the tree through the leaves, and when the sun shines, leaves produce the sugar. The oxygen is also produced which is then released into the atmosphere. The leaves also release water. The water ingested through the root is used to make sugar. The rest is delivered through the surface of the leaves
Fact File: Solar energy evaporates water from the leaf surface, through stomata. This reduces the pressure in the channels carrying water, the roots so that more water is extracted from the stem.
The water is evaporated from the leaf surfaces to the surrounding air, and more water is absorbed by the roots of the soil.


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